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Issuing wake turbulence advisories is essential for maintaining safety in aviation, particularly when it comes to the effects of turbulence generated by larger aircraft. The correct answer is based on the principle that larger aircraft create significant wake turbulence, which can affect the performance and control of smaller aircraft that are following them.

When a large aircraft takes off or lands, it generates vortices that descend, spread apart, and can persist in the air for several minutes. If a smaller aircraft is following closely behind a larger aircraft during landing or takeoff, it may encounter this turbulence, leading to potential loss of control. Therefore, air traffic controllers must issue advisories to ensure that the smaller aircraft maintains a safe distance.

In contrast, the other conditions listed in the multiple-choice options do not specifically relate to the risk of wake turbulence. For example, an aircraft landing on the same runway does not inherently require a wake turbulence advisory unless it is following a larger aircraft. VFR flight plans are related to visual flight rules but do not directly impact wake turbulence advisories. Lastly, a smaller aircraft crossing an active runway may present other safety considerations but does not typically relate to larger aircraft wake turbulence risks.

Thus, the issuance of wake turbulence advisories is critical in situations where a large